Ancient History:Periods-Greece J

Honey09 — Sat, 15 Jun 2013 22:36:00 GMT

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'''1. Significant Developments 404 - 362 BC'''
 '''''Nature + Impact of Spartan hegemony; role + significance of Lysander'''''
 
 404 BC start of Spartan hegemony
 Sparta defeated Athens in Peloponnesian War ... aim was to liberate Athenian Empire
 Sparta assumed role of imperialist, as its control spread from:
 
 Byzantium (North), Syracuse (West), Asia Minor (East)
 
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 '''After losing war, Athens had to accept conditions imposed by Sparta'''
 1.Pull down “long walls” and Piraeus (port)
 2.Quit all towns (they had previously taken over)
 3. Keep to own land
 = peace between Sparta + Athens
 
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 '''Lysander in charge of establishing governance :'''
 1.Decarchies  (gov. of 10 native pro-Spartans)
 2.Harmost  governor
 3.Military garrisons assisted decarchies in maintaining power
 
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 '''Lysander also placed 30 oligarchs in Athens'''  (Thirty Tyrants)
 ''''Features of Thirty Tyrants:''''
  Appointed council of judges + police force
  Most Athenian citizens could be condemned w/o trial by 30 Tyrants  only set number of Athenians given trial
 Why? Possibly to adhere to some form of order rather than completely tyranny and massacre of innocents, which may cause concern + in turn action from disapproving Spartan Kings or rebellious sympathetic states
 Sparta provided 700 soldiers to purge city of undesirables (opponents), many pro-democrats fled to Thebes. Thrasybulus (pro-democrat) led other pro-democrats to Phyle
 1000 Democrats met with Spartan cavalry + 30 tyrants
Sparta sends only 100 talents to support oligarchis  30 tyrants over thrown
 
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 Lysander’s governments were tyrannical; plundered wealth + levied cities (taxes)
 ''“Lysander’s power was feared and hated because of his disposition” Plutarch''
 Oligarchs reprisals against democrats were rapacious + tyrannical; they were free from the constraints of home  Sparta: Spartan moral code of austerity and living a “Spartan” existence, that they weren’t supposed to be influenced/corrupted by greed and wealth
 Other city states unhappy with Sparta, after their support to Athenians exiled by 30 Tyrants

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Ancient History:Periods-Greece J